# Mauritius — State Action Plans

- **Source:** ICAO (state_action_plans)
- **Country code:** MUS
- **Year:** 2023
- **Language:** en
- **Origin URL:** https://www.icao.int/sites/default/files/sp-files/environmental-protection/Documents/ActionPlan/New-Version-Action-plan-Issue-2-Rev0-06-FEB-23.pdf
- **Ingested:** 2026-06-15T11:52:20.280248+00:00
- **Extraction:** pymupdf

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THE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION 
 
 
 
REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS 
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION 
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport, Plaine Magnien 
 
 
 
 
MAURITIUS 
STATE ACTION 
PLAN FOR 
CO2 
EMISSIONS 
REDUCTION 
FOR THE 
AVIATION 
SECTOR 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ISSUE 2 REV 0 
06 FEBRUARY 2023

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 2 of 41 
FOREWORD 
 
The global aviation CO2 emissions is approximately 2 percent which is contributing to 
the climate change. It is predicted that the amount of CO2 emissions from aviation is 
expected to grow around 3 to 4 percent per year.  
 
The Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) had during its 
37th session adopted Resolution A37-19: Consolidated Statement on continuing ICAO 
policies and practices related to environmental protection and resolved that 
Contracting States of ICAO and relevant organisations will work towards achieving a 
global annual improvement of 2 percent per annum. 
 
The aviation sector often plays a central role in the national economy of any State, 
affecting numerous economic sectors and contributing to its further development. As 
such, any measure to limit or reduce the impact of international aviation on the 
environment, pursuant to the global aspirational goals agreed by the ICAO Assembly, 
should be an integral part of the broader sustainable development priorities and 
objectives of a State. 
 
In this context, Contracting States of ICAO are encouraged to prepare action plans 
outlining their respective policies and actions including annual reporting on 
international aviation CO2 emissions to ICAO. The Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) 
of the Republic of Mauritius has set up a working group comprising of: 
 
• The DCA, which regulates all the aviation activities and is the service provider 
of air navigation services; 
• The national carrier, Air Mauritius Ltd, which is the only airline operator in 
Mauritius; and 
• The Airports of Mauritius Co Ltd (AML), which is the licenced aerodrome 
operator for the Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport. 
 
The steering committee has met on a regular basis to prepare this action plan which 
will be a living document and will be reviewed as and when required. A number of key 
initiatives have been earmarked and put in place to increase the fuel efficiency of our 
national carrier such as modernising the national airline fleet, restructuring of the 
Mauritius Flight Information Region (FIR), improved efficiency of the Air Traffic 
Management amongst others. 
 
The Assembly Resolutions A38-18, A39-2 and A40-18 represents a milestone in the 
continuing efforts of ICAO to address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 
international aviation and further encourages States to submit their voluntary action 
plans outlining goal to reduce GHG emissions from aviation operations, and should 
contribute to the global effort to minimise aviation’s carbon footprint, safeguarding our 
ominous environment from global climate change. 
 
Mauritius had submitted the initial State Action Plan to ICAO in May 2014. This State 
Action Plan is an updated version as per the guidelines given in ICAO Doc 9988. 
 
A number of key initiatives had been earmarked and put in place to increase the fuel

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 3 of 41

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 4 of 41 
AMENDMENT RECORD 
 
 
Amendment No. 
Date of issue 
Date entered 
Entered by 
Issue 1 
28 May 2014 
28 May 2014 
Ag DCA 
Issue 2  
06 February 2023 
06 February 2023 
DCA

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 5 of 41 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
FOREWORD .............................................................................................................. 2 
AMENDMENT RECORD ............................................................................................ 4 
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. 5 
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................ 7 
1. 
Point of Contact ................................................................................................... 8 
2. 
Current State of Aviation ..................................................................................... 9 
3. 
Baseline/Fuel Statistics/CO2 Emissions ............................................................ 12 
3.1 
Historic Fuel Emissions of National Airline and the Mauritius Baseline ....... 12 
3.2 Data Sources and Methodology...................................................................... 13 
4. 
Measures to Mitigate CO2 Emissions ................................................................ 15 
INTERNATIONAL MEASURES TO MITIGATE CO2 EMISSIONS ........................ 16 
4.1 Re-fleeting of Air Mauritius Aircraft ................................................................. 16 
4.1.1 Incremental improvements/benefits of Measure 4.1 ................................. 17 
4.2 Restructure of the Mauritius Flight Information Region (FIR) (Operational 
Improvements) ...................................................................................................... 18 
4.2.1 Incremental Improvements/Benefits of Measure 4.2 ................................ 20 
4.3 Dynamic Flight Plan ........................................................................................ 22 
4.3.1 Incremental Improvements/Benefits of Measure 4.3 ................................ 22 
4.4 Optimised Aircraft Maintenance - Engine Wash ............................................. 23 
4.4.1 Incremental Improvements/Benefits of Measure 4.4 ................................ 24 
DOMESTIC MEASURES TO MITIGATE CO2 EMISSIONS ................................. 25 
4.5 Painting of Aircraft Lead-in Line / Stop Line for Different Aircraft Type ........... 25 
4.6 Replacement of all Old Generation Induction Motors with New Generation 
Motors of Standards IE3 or 4, Permanent Magnet Type ....................................... 26 
4.7 Re-Development of an Optimised Building Management System (BMS) 
System .................................................................................................................. 27 
4.8 Installation of LED Lights instead of Classic Lights ......................................... 28 
4.9 Replacing Existing 132 kWh of Bollard Lights by Solar Lights. ....................... 29 
4.10 Implementation of a Solar Farm at the Airport .............................................. 29 
4.11 Replacement or Conversion of all Fresh Air Handling Units into Demand 
Control type units (DCV – Demand Controlled Ventillation). ................................. 30 
4.12 Replacement of Existing Old Motors and Transformers by Newer Efficient 
Ones ..................................................................................................................... 31 
4.13 Installation of Reflector Films on Glass Panels to Reduce Heating from Sun 
Rays ..................................................................................................................... 32

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 6 of 41 
4.14 Installation of Motion Sensors in Baggage Claim Area ................................. 32 
4.15 Splitting of Roof Light Switching in Two Parts – Check-In and Boarding ...... 33 
4.16 Installation of PIR Sensors ........................................................................... 34 
4.17 Replacement of Diesel Powered Ground Vehicles to Electric Vehicles ........ 34 
5. 
Mauritius Mitigation Measures – Expected Action Plan Results ........................ 36 
6. 
Future Initiatives ................................................................................................ 38 
7. 
Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 38 
8. 
Appendix ........................................................................................................... 39

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 7 of 41 
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 
 
AML 
Airports of Mauritius Co Ltd 
ATM 
Air Traffic Management 
ATOL 
Airport Terminal Operations Ltd 
CCO 
Continuous Climb Operations 
CDO 
Continuous Descent Operations 
DCA 
Department of Civil Aviation 
DFP 
Dynamic Flight Plan 
EBT 
Environmental Benefit Tool 
FIR 
Flight Information Region 
GHG 
Greenhouse Gas 
GSE 
Ground Support Equipment 
ICAO 
International Civil Aviation Organisation 
MCAR 
Mauritius Civil Aviation Requirements 
PBN 
Performance Based Navigation 
PIR 
Passive Infrared 
RNP 
Required Navigation Performance 
RPK 
Revenue Passenger Kilometre 
RTK 
Revenue Tonne Kilometre 
SID 
Standard Departure Route 
STAR 
Standard Arrival Route 
TMA 
Terminal Manoeuvring Area 
UNFCCC 
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 
ZFW 
Zero Fuel Weight

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 8 of 41 
1. Point of Contact 
 
Name of the authority 
Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) 
Point of Contact 
Mr. I Pokhun - Director of Civil Aviation (Focal 
Point) 
Address 
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport 
Country 
Mauritius 
Province/City 
Plaine Magnien 
Telephone Number 
230-6032000 
Fax Number 
230-6373164 
E-mail address 
civil-aviation@govmu.org 
 
 
Name of the authority 
Department of Civil Aviation 
Point of Contact 
Mr. G Sewlall - Airworthiness Engineer 
Address 
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport 
Country 
Mauritius 
Province/City 
Plaine Magnien 
Telephone Number 
230-6032000 
Fax Number 
230-6373164 
E-mail address 
gsewlall@govmu.org 
 
 
Name of the authority 
Air Mauritius Ltd 
Point of Contact 
Capt. Patrick Ter Hofsteede - Technical Manager 
Address 
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport 
Country 
Mauritius 
Province/City 
Plaine Magnien 
Telephone Number 
230-6033580 
Fax Number 
230-6373190 
E-mail address 
phofsteede@airmauritius.com 
 
 
Name of the authority 
Airports of Mauritius Co Ltd (AML) 
Point of Contact 
Mr Rajeev Lollbeharree – Chief Executive Officer 
Address 
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport 
Country 
Mauritius 
Province/City 
Plaine Magnien 
Telephone Number 
230-6036000 
Fax Number 
230-6375306 
E-mail address 
airportinfo@aml.aero

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
             Page 9 of 41 
2. Current State of Aviation 
 
Air transport plays a leading role in the economic and social development of the 
country. Aviation is more or less the modern ‘navel string’ to the rest of the world in 
the middle of the Indian Ocean. Mauritius is a small island and does not have much 
involvement in manufacturing as well as research and development. 
 
While air travel supports the Mauritian economy, trade and tourism, and connects us 
to the world separated by great distances and vast ocean, it also contributes to 
greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, the Action Plan expresses how the parties, in good 
faith, intend to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation activities. 
 
Mauritius has one international airport, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International 
Airport and one domestic airport, Plaine Corail Airport, situated on an island about 
619 km to the North-East of Mauritius. We also have an airstrip at Agalega, another 
island approximately 1019 km to the North of Mauritius. Though we are a small 
country yet we have a very vast Flight Information Region. It covers more than nine 
million square kilometres (9,000,000 km
2) and the perimeter is about 12,260 km. We 
have an average of sixty traffic daily. We have also overflying traffic on the Australia-
Africa and South East Asia-Africa routes. 
 
Annually we have about 24,000 commercial flights, 4,900 overflights, 3,000 Military 
and surveillance traffic, 12,000 local flights mostly helicopters. As Tourism is one of 
the pillars of the economy, the policy of the government is to double the tourism 
capacity within the next decade. 
 
The main stakeholders are: 
 
➢ The Department of Civil Aviation which regulates all the aviation activities and is 
the service provider of air navigation services; 
 
➢ Our National Carrier, Air Mauritius which is the only airline operator in Mauritius; 
and 
 
➢ Airports of Mauritius Co Ltd (AML), the licensed aerodrome operator for Sir 
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport. 
 
We have set an ambitious goal to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 
both domestic and international operations, which should contribute to the global 
efforts to minimise aviation’s carbon footprint, thus safeguarding our ominous 
environment. 
 
In 2010, the ICAO has set three aspirational goals to address the climate impact:

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 10 of 41 
 
(i) 
An annual improvement of 2% in fuel efficiency from 2009 until 2020.  
(ii) 
To achieve Carbon Neutral Growth from 2020 to stabilise the net CO2 
emissions, and  
(iii) 
Reduction of carbon emissions by 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels. 
 
In 2022, the ICAO has updated the aspirational goals to address the climate impact 
as follows:  
 
(i) 
To continuously improve CO2 efficiency to achieve a carbon neutral growth 
from 2020 and to achieve long-term goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 
2050; and 
(ii) 
To achieve an aspirational global fuel efficiency improvement rate of 2% 
per annum from 2021 to 2050, calculated on the basis of volume of fuel 
used per revenue tonne kilometre performed.  
 
 
This Action Plan identifies four key measures that are expected to have the greatest 
environmental impact to contribute to the ICAO aspirational goals and the climate 
change: 
 
➢ 
Re-fleeting of Air Mauritius Aircraft (From 2019 to December 2021); 
➢ 
Restructure of the Mauritius Flight Information Region (FIR); 
➢ 
Dynamic Flight Plan (DFP); and 
➢ 
Optimised Aircraft Maintenance - Engine Wash. 
 
The Action Plan also highlights that these measures will benefit many international 
airlines including the overflying trans-oceanic flights as our FIR covers a very vast 
area where the benefits are really tangible. 
 
Through these measures, the Mauritius aviation sector contributes to the Paris 
Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 
(UNFCCC), henceforth recognising the urgency of pursuing the goal of limiting 
global warming to 1.5°C. 
 
The Action Plan is a living document and will be reviewed on a regular basis through: 
  
➢ Annual reporting on the progress towards achievement of the Action Plan’s fuel 
efficiency target;  
 
➢ A review of the Action Plan, that will occur in three years; and

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 11 of 41 
➢ Semi-annual meetings between different stakeholders creating a synergy.  
 
 
The COVID-19 Impact 
The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on all aspects of the economy and society is well 
known and Aviation has been particularly acutely impacted since March 2020.  This 
has had a devastating impact on travel and tourism and on the frontline companies 
operating the aviation system and the rest of the supply chain. However, shocks to 
air traffic growth in the past have always been followed by a rebound in traffic and, 
while this may take longer than in previous crises, traffic will eventually return back. 
According to IATA, global passenger traffic (Revenue Passenger Kilometres or 
RPKs) will not return to pre-COVID-19 levels until 2024. The recovery in short haul 
travel is still expected to happen faster than for long haul travel. As a result, 
passenger numbers will recover faster than traffic measured in RPKs. This impact 
will also be applicable to the Mauritian context and the passenger load will be lower 
than the initially projected values till 2023-24. 
 
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will not be visible in this State Action Plan. 
The most recent data in the State Action Plan will primarily be from 2019, which is 
the last normal year. Additionally, since the Revenue Tonne Kilometre (RTK) value 
has not yet been published for the year 2020, thus, the baseline is taken from the 
year 2019.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 12 of 41 
3. Baseline/Fuel Statistics/CO2 Emissions 
 
3.1 Historic Fuel Emissions of National Airline and the Mauritius Baseline 
 
To quantify the impact of Mauritius mitigation measures discussed in Section 4, a 
baseline scenario covering Mauritius emissions from international aviation is 
presented below. 
 
In accordance with the ICAO Doc 9988, the data set out in Table 1 and Figure 1 reflect 
the annual historic international fuel consumption and a “do nothing” or “no-mitigation” 
scenario for the forecasted years up to the 2050.  
 
The scenario does not consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic due to a lack 
of available data and assume a business-as-usual scenario. Moreover, since the RTK 
data for the year 2020 has not yet been published by ICAO, the historic data have 
been gathered up to the year 2019 where all information are readily available. 
 
The COVID-19 impact is expected to be accounted in the next Mauritius State Action 
Plan update when sufficient data will be available and stakeholders will be in a better 
position to forecast their growth rate and suggest appropriate mitigating measures. 
 
 
Year 
International 
RTK (tonne 
kilometres) 
International 
Fuel 
Consumption 
(tonnes) 
International 
Fuel (litres) 
(‘000) 
International 
CO2 emissions 
(metric tonnes) 
2007 (historic) 
827,804.00 
248,660.49 
315,301.50 
785,767.14 
2008 (historic) 
789,148.00 
240,185.10 
304,554.71 
758,984.90 
2009 (historic) 
664,521.00 
192,699.13 
244,342.50 
608,929.26 
2010 (historic) 
783,203.28 
213,371.76 
270,555.39 
674,254.77 
2011 (historic) 
785,291.57 
228,376.91 
289,581.92 
721,671.04 
2012 (historic) 
937,951.11 
218,356.17 
276,875.62 
690,005.50 
2013 (historic) 
712,158.00 
200,836.11 
254,578.93 
634,642.09 
2014 (historic) 
744,271.50 
212,619.92 
269,670.53 
671,878.95 
2015 (historic) 
751,060.00 
210,702.73 
267,153.40 
665,820.63 
2016 (historic) 
786,600.00 
221,769.93 
281,632.82 
700,792.98 
2017 (historic) 
845,400.00 
230,254.57 
292,090.32 
727,604.45 
2018 (historic) 
905,300.00 
230,627.02 
292,850.92 
728,781.38 
2019 (historic) 
848,100.00 
208,302.81 
264,456.36 
658,236.88 
2020 (forecast) 
886,264.50 
210,737.80 
263,422.24 
665,931.42 
2025 (forecast) 
1,104,446.92 
223,346.37 
279,182.96 
705,774.52

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 13 of 41 
Year 
International 
RTK (tonne 
kilometres) 
International 
Fuel 
Consumption 
(tonnes) 
International 
Fuel (litres) 
(‘000) 
International 
CO2 emissions 
(metric tonnes) 
2030 (forecast) 
1,376,341.67 
236,709.32 
295,886.65 
748,001.46 
2035 (forecast) 
1,715,172.13 
250,871.79 
313,589.74 
792,754.87 
2040 (forecast) 
2,137,416.52 
265,881.61 
332,352.02 
840,185.90 
2045 (forecast) 
2,663,609.87 
281,789.48 
352,236.85 
890,454.76 
2050 (forecast) 
3,319,342.50 
298,649.12 
373,311.41 
943,731.23 
 
Table 1. Mauritius historic emissions from international aviation 2007-2019 and forecasted 
emissions from 2020-2050. 
 
 
3.2 Data Sources and Methodology 
 
The fuel consumption data from 2007 to 2019 represent the historical emissions as 
reported by Air Mauritius airline to the DCA. The international RTK data have been 
taken from the ICAO. 
 
For all the years, the international CO2 emissions is calculated by multiplying the 
international fuel consumption in tonnes by 3.16, which is the fuel conversion factor 
for Jet-A1 fuel as suggested by the ICAO. The forecasted international fuel 
consumption in tonnes has been calculated using the conversion factor of 0.8 kg/litre 
as suggested by the ICAO Doc 9988.  
 
The ICAO Environmental Benefit Tool (EBT) has been used in developing and 
forecasting the future baseline fuel consumption. In the absence of the default regional 
growth rate, we have used a growth rate of 5% as anticipated by our national airline 
for the next five years ignoring the COVID-19 outbreak. Air Mauritius will review the 
growth rate and inform the DCA for the most appropriate percentage growth before 
the periodic updating of the State Action Plan.  
 
Method B, Case 1 from the ICAO Doc 9988 (Guidance on the Development of States’ 
Action plan on CO2 Emission Reduction Activities) has been used in the ICAO EBT for 
generating the baseline scenario. The ICAO recommended to use Method B when the 
fleet size is more than ten aircraft and fuel data exist for at least two years and most 
preferably when historical data of at least five years exist for the ICAO EBT to yield 
more accurate forecast.  
 
Since the fleet size of Air Mauritius has been over ten aircraft from 2007 to 2019 and 
the historical fuel data exist for at least 13 years, thus, Method B justifies the use of 
this formula.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 14 of 41 
 
 
Figure 1. All international aviation emissions forecasts being operated by our 
national carrier registered in Mauritius 2020-2050. 
 
 
650,000
700,000
750,000
800,000
850,000
900,000
950,000
1,000,000
2020
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
CO2 Emissions (metric tonnes)
Forecast Year
Forecasted Mauritius International Aviation 
Emissions - No Mitigation Measures

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 15 of 41 
4. Measures to Mitigate CO2 Emissions 
 
In addition to the measures listed in the first Mauritius Action Plan dated 28 May 2014, 
four new mitigating measures have now been identified for implementation to mitigate 
the CO2 emissions from international flights in Mauritius and thirteen measures have 
been identified to mitigate the CO2 emissions at the domestic level. 
 
It is worth reporting other mitigating measures that will have effect on the Domestic 
Sector. AML and Airport Terminal Operations Ltd (ATOL) have already taken some 
measures and have planned to implement some mitigating measures which would be 
beneficial to the domestic CO2 emissions in terms of airport improvements in the 
following areas: 
 
a) Airfield improvements; 
b) Reduce energy demand and prefer cleaner energy sources; and 
c) Conversion of Ground Support Equipment (GSE) to cleaner fuels. 
 
 
International Measures to Mitigate CO2 Emissions: 
 
1. Re-fleeting of Air Mauritius aircraft. 
2. Restructure of the Mauritius Flight Information Region (FIR). 
3. Dynamic Flight Plan (DFP). 
4. Optimised aircraft maintenance - Engine wash. 
 
 
Domestic Measures to Mitigate CO2 Emissions: 
 
5.  Painting of aircraft lead-in line / stop line for different aircraft type. 
6.  Replacement of all old generation induction motors with new generation motors 
of standards IE3 or 4, permanent magnet type. 
7.  Re-development of an optimised Building Management System (BMS).  To 
enable smart / accurate control of pumping systems, air systems to manage 
power consumption. 
8.  Installation of LED lights instead of classic lights by ATOL and AML. 
9.  Implementation of solar lights at the airport car park facilities. 
10.  Implementation of a solar farm at the airport. 
11.  Replacement or conversion of all fresh air handling units into demand control 
type units (DCV – Demand Controlled Ventilation). 
12.  Replacement of existing old motors and transformers by newer efficient ones. 
13.  Installation of reflector films on glass panels to reduce heating from sun rays.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 16 of 41 
14.  Installation of motion sensors in baggage claim area. 
15.  Splitting of the roof light switching in two parts – Check-In and Boarding. 
16.  Installation of PIR sensors to switch off lights when not required and to switch 
air conditioners to fan mode when no presence is detected in offices. 
17.  Replacement of diesel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles. 
 
 
INTERNATIONAL MEASURES TO MITIGATE CO2 EMISSIONS 
 
4.1 Re-fleeting of Air Mauritius Aircraft 
 
Air Mauritius airline is the sole contributor to the international CO2 emissions in 
Mauritius. Therefore, Air Mauritius plays an important role in the overall aviation 
emissions reduction. 
 
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Air Mauritius already had the plan to phase out the 
four engines Airbus A340 aircraft and to replace them with the new technologically 
advanced Airbus A350 XWB composites aircraft. In this regard, Air Mauritius has 
placed an order of six new Airbus A350 XWB aircraft to replace the old six Airbus A340 
aircraft which had an average age of nearly 20 years old. Four Airbus A350 XWB have 
already been delivered to Air Mauritius and Air Mauritius is planned to take delivery of 
two A350 XWB in 2023 and 2025 if all goes as per their plan.  
 
Air Mauritius has also taken delivery of two new Airbus A330 neo aircraft which are 
fitted with a better fuel-efficient Rolls Royce Trent 7000 engine. It should be noted that 
Air Mauritius is the first airline in the world to operate both the Airbus A350 XWB and 
A330-900 aircraft. 
 
Currently, Air Mauritius is operating a young fleet of aircraft for its medium to long haul 
flight destinations. All the airbus A340 four engines aircraft, A330 conventional aircraft 
and A319 aircraft have been completely phased out from their fleet until December 
2021. 
 
In general, turboprop engines are more fuel efficient compared to jet engines. 
However, turboprop engine aircraft fly slower compared to jet engine aircraft. For this 
reason, turboprop aircraft are mostly favoured for either non-commercial flight or for 
short range commercial flight. Air Mauritius operates three ATR 72-212A turboprop 
aircraft for its short range commercial flight to Rodrigues and Reunion Island. 
 
Overall, it can be said that Air Mauritius is now operating a young and/or fuel efficient 
aircraft to all its destinations, from short-haul to long-haul destinations. Current aircraft 
being operated by the national carrier are ATR72-212A, Airbus A330-900 and Airbus 
A350-900 XWB. 
 
Since Air Mauritius has recently embarked on the renewal of their current fleet, another 
renewal of their fleet is not expected to happen soon. Air Mauritius will inform the DCA 
in case a re-fleeting program will be initiated.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 17 of 41 
 
 
Title 
Re-fleeting of Air Mauritius aircraft 
Description 
Renewal of the National airline fleet, thereby 
operating a fleet of young technologically 
advanced aircraft which are more fuel efficient 
compared to conventional aircraft or A340 four 
engines aircraft. 
 
This measure would cause a significant 
reduction in the CO2 emissions. 
Category 
Technology and Standards 
Measure 
Purchase of new aircraft 
Action 
Replacement of the aging aircraft which were 
on average 20 years old and conventional 
aircraft with new composites light weight and 
fuel efficient engine aircraft. 
 
To reduce the amount of fuel burn and 
consequently reducing the CO2 emissions. 
Start date 
October 2017 
Date of full implementation 
2025 onwards 
Economic cost 
High 
List of stakeholders involved 
Air Mauritius Ltd (Airline) 
Point of Contact 
CEO/ Chief Operating Officer Air Mauritius Ltd 
 
 
 
4.1.1 Incremental improvements/benefits of Measure 4.1 
 
The phasing out of Air Mauritius airbus A340 four engines aircraft started as from mid-
2018 to 2019 and the historic carbon emissions or fuel burn in litres for the year 2019 
have shown a decrease compared to 2018 as four airbus A340 aircraft were phased 
out.  
During the year 2021, the last two Airbus A340 aircraft, two A319 aircraft and two A330 
conventional aircraft having an average of 23 years old, 19 years old and 13 years old, 
respectively were phased out from the Air Mauritius fleet.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 18 of 41 
 
We have referred to ICAO Doc 9988 Appendix C to estimate the annual fuel savings 
with the purchase of new aircraft as follows: 
 
 
Measure 
Estimated Benefits 
Purchase of new 
aircraft 
Fuel Savings = [0.9% to 1.05%] * a/c’ age (year) * old a/c’ fuel 
burn (low/high range) 
 
 
Consequently, with the phasing out of all the conventional wide body aircraft and the 
two narrow body jet engine aircraft from the Air Mauritius fleet in 2021, the annual fuel 
savings with the operations of the newer technologically advanced aircraft have been 
estimated as: 
 
 
YEAR 
2022  
Improvement in International Fuel 
Consumption (tonnes) 
13,997.59 
Improvement in International CO2 
Emissions (tonnes) 
44,232.40 
 
 
 
4.2 Restructure of the Mauritius Flight Information Region (FIR) (Operational 
Improvements) 
 
The DCA has embarked on the project to restructure the Mauritius Flight Information 
Region (FIR) in 2019.  The purpose of this project is to upgrade its airspace through 
the implementation of Performance Based Navigation (PBN) with a view to enhancing 
Efficiency, Capacity, Interoperability and Safety as well as to reduce the impact of 
aviation on the environment. The project is in the final stage. The implementation is 
scheduled for 28 March 2023. 
 
This proposed airspace concept is a first step towards implementation of PBN in line 
with AFI Regional Air Navigation System Implementation aligned with the ICAO 
ASBUs with the following main features: 
 
1. Introduction of RNP4 as the navigation specification within the oceanic airspace 
of the Mauritius FIR which is presently RNP10.  
2. Introduction of RNP1 as the navigation specification within the Mauritius 
Terminal Manoeuvring Area (TMA); and  
3. Provision of RNP1 Standard Arrival Routes (STARs) and Standard Departure 
Routes (SIDs) to cater for CCO’s and CDO’s. 
 
There is only one runway equipped with a CAT 1 Instrument Landing System for

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 19 of 41 
approximately sixty aircraft movements per day.  
 
 
The Air Traffic Services unit provides a controlled service within the FIR. The Mauritius 
airspace encompasses a FIR of 9,000,000 km2 which extends from 57° to 75° East 
and from 06° to 45° South. 
 
The new airspace structure should take full advantage of the new possibilities offered 
by the PBN concepts and available technologies to deliver the benefits of: 
 
• Enhance Efficiency. 
• Enhance Capacity. 
• Enhance Safety. 
• Enhanced Functionality. 
 
The airspace review of the Mauritius FIR will help to reduce the CO2 emissions in 
terms of the four below departure and approach procedures: 
 
1. Continuous Descent Operations (CDOs). 
2. PBN STAR. 
3. Continuous Climb Operations (CCOs). 
4. PBN SID. 
 
 
The table below illustrates the measures envisaged in the airspace restructure project: 
 
 
Title 
The restructure of the Mauritius FIR 
Description 
1. Introduction of RNP4 as the navigation 
specification within the oceanic airspace of 
the Mauritius FIR which is presently RNP10.  
2. Introduction of RNP1 as the navigation 
specification within the Mauritius TMA; and  
3. Provision of RNP1 (STARs and SIDs to cater 
for CCO’s and CDO’s. 
Category 
Operational Improvements – More Efficient 
ATM Planning, Ground Operations, Terminal 
Operations, En-Route Operations, Airspace 
Design and Usage, Aircraft Air Navigation 
Capabilities

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 20 of 41 
Measure 
Measures to improve fuel efficient departure 
and approach procedures in terms of: 
1. 
CDO. 
2. 
PBN STAR. 
3. 
CCO. 
4. 
PBN SID. 
Action 
The airspace review initiated by the DCA will 
benefit the national airline (Air Mauritius) and 
all foreign operators taking-off and landing in 
Mauritius.  
 
The aim of this airspace review is to improve 
the flight operations in terms of fuel efficiency. 
Start date 
2019 
Date of full implementation 
March 2023 
Economic cost 
Medium 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATM, Air Mauritius 
Point of Contact 
ATM at the DCA 
 
 
4.2.1 Incremental Improvements/Benefits of Measure 4.2 
 
Following the re-opening of borders due to the COVID pandemic, the scheduled 
operation of the national carrier Air Mauritius for the year 2022 was as follows: 
 
No. 
Aircraft Type 
Departure 
Arrival 
Weekly Total 
Yearly Total 
1 
ATR72 
53 
53 
106 
5512 
2 
A330-900 
17 
17 
34 
1768 
3 
A350-900 
27 
27 
54 
2808 
 
 
 
We have taken the estimated fuel savings per successful flight as estimated by Air 
Mauritius to estimate the annual fuel savings with the introduction of CCO/CDO and 
PBN STAR /SID as follows:

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 21 of 41 
Aircraft 
type 
Operations type 
Estimated Fuel 
savings (kg) 
Methodology 
    ATR72 
CDO 
18 
3.5° Continuous Descent Profile 
estimate from FCOM 
CCO 
N/A 
Limited savings can be quantified 
due to nature of ATR operations 
PBN STAR 
20 
Savings of 2 mins during descent 
PBN SID 
20 
Savings of 2 mins during climb 
A330-900 
CDO 
55 
Eurocontrol (2017) Methodology 
CCO 
20 
Eurocontrol (2017) Methodology 
PBN STAR 
125 
Reduced track miles and IFSET 
application (25% fuel saving in 
descent) 
PBN SID 
138 
Reduced track miles and IFSET 
(25% fuel saving in climb) 
A350-900 
CDO 
60 
Eurocontrol (2017) Methodology 
CCO 
25 
Eurocontrol (2017) Methodology 
PBN STAR 
138 
Reduced track miles and IFSET 
(25% fuel saving in descent) 
PBN SID 
154 
Reduced track miles and IFSET 
(25% fuel saving in climb) 
 
 
The annual fuel savings have been estimated using the ICAO rule of thumb formula 
from ICAO Doc 9988 and Air Mauritius estimated fuel savings data. 
 
YEAR 
April 2023 to December 2023 
Improvement in International Fuel 
Consumption (tonnes) 
960.26 
Improvement in International CO2 
Emissions (tonnes) 
3,034.43 
 
 
 
YEAR 
2024 onwards 
Annual Improvement in International 
Fuel Consumption (tonnes) 
1,280.35 
Annual Improvement in International 
CO2 Emissions (tonnes) 
4,045.90

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 22 of 41 
4.3 Dynamic Flight Plan 
  
Dynamic Flight Plans (DFPs) are issued whenever there is a major gap between the 
Actual Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW) and the estimated ZFW used when generating the 
operational flight plan. The DFP will display the adjusted “Planned Fuel” required in 
case there is a drop in the ZFW. Consequently, a drop in “Planned Fuel” required is 
noted. 
 
As a result, this reduces the carriage of unnecessary extra fuel carriage for each flight. 
 
 
Title 
Dynamic flight plan and accuracy of flight 
planning software 
Description 
Air Mauritius uses the latest communications 
means to be able to cater for last minute changes 
in ZFW. This reduces unnecessary extra fuel 
carriage for each flight. 
Category 
Operational Improvements – Best Practices in 
Operations 
Measure 
Minimising Operational Weight of: 
1. Turboprop Aircraft 
2. Wide Body Aircraft 
Action 
Optimising on the amount of fuel uplift for each 
flight, thus, reducing unnecessary extra fuel 
weight carriage per flight. 
Date of full implementation 
On-going 
Economic cost 
Low 
List of stakeholders involved Air Mauritius 
Point of Contact 
The Technical Manager - Air Mauritius 
 
 
 
4.3.1 Incremental Improvements/Benefits of Measure 4.3 
 
We have taken the annual unnecessary fuel uplift avoided as estimated by Air 
Mauritius to estimate the annual fuel savings: 
 
Aircraft Type 
Annual Unnecessary Fuel Uplift Avoided (tonnes) 
A330-900 / A350-900 
90

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 23 of 41 
For calculation purpose, Air Mauritius estimates an average of 300 kg (0.3 tonnes) 
weight drop whenever a DFP is issued.  
 
With this weight reduction, the annual fuel savings have been estimated using the 
ICAO rule of thumb formula from ICAO Doc 9988. 
 
Measure 
Estimated Benefits 
Minimising weight 
- Widebody 
Fuel Savings = weight reduction * flight time * 3.87% 
 
 
 
YEAR 
2021 onwards 
Annual Improvement in International 
Fuel Consumption (tonnes) 
38.31 
Annual Improvement in International 
CO2 Emissions (tonnes) 
121.1 
 
 
4.4 Optimised Aircraft Maintenance - Engine Wash 
 
 
Title 
Maintenance task - Engine wash  
Description 
Air Mauritius conducts engine wash as per their 
aircraft 
maintenance 
program 
for 
engine 
performance and fuel savings. As a result, this 
also reduces the CO2 emissions. 
Category 
Operational Improvements  - Optimised Aircraft 
Maintenance 
Measure 
Engine Wash 
Action 
Optimising engine efficiency and fuel efficiency 
through periodic engine wash, hence, reducing 
the CO2 emissions. 
Date of full implementation 
On-going 
Economic cost 
Low 
List of stakeholders involved Air Mauritius 
Point of Contact 
The Technical Manager - Air Mauritius

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 24 of 41 
4.4.1 Incremental Improvements/Benefits of Measure 4.4 
 
We have referred to ICAO Doc 9988 Appendix C to estimate the annual fuel savings 
when performing engine wash as follows: 
 
 
Measure 
Estimated Benefits 
Engine Wash 
Fuel Savings = [1%] * fuel burn  
 
 
 
Consequently, the annual fuel savings when doing periodic engine wash have been 
estimated as: 
 
YEAR 
2020 (Onwards)  
Improvement in International Fuel 
Consumption (tonnes) 
1,450.28 
Improvement in International CO2 
Emissions (tonnes) 
4,582.89

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 25 of 41 
DOMESTIC MEASURES TO MITIGATE CO2 EMISSIONS 
 
The measures listed below are categorised as domestic measures and as such, the 
fuel savings arising out of these measures will not be included in the expected results 
(Table 2) of this State Action Plan. 
 
These measures are being highlighted as they may have some benefits in achieving 
the objectives of this State Action Plan.  
  
 
4.5 Painting of Aircraft Lead-in Line / Stop Line for Different Aircraft Type 
 
 
Title 
Painting of aircraft lead-in line / Stop line for 
different aircraft type 
Description 
AML is taking measures to improve parking 
by painting of Aircraft Lead-in line / Stop Line 
for different aircraft models depending on 
their frequency. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– More efficient use and planning of airport 
facilities 
Measure 
To improve parking at the Airport. 
Action 
To decrease follow me services provided by 
Airfield Vehicles. 
Start date 
2023 
Date of full implementation 
2023 
Economic cost 
Low 
List of stakeholders involved 
AML - Operations 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer - AML

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 26 of 41 
4.6 Replacement of all Old Generation Induction Motors with New Generation 
Motors of Standards IE3 or 4, Permanent Magnet Type 
 
 
Title 
Replacement of all old generation induction 
motors with new generation motors of 
standards IE3 or 4, permanent magnet type 
Description 
The current electrical motors are operating 
on an efficiency of 70% or less. A 
replacement with those of efficiency of 98% 
and above is possible and ATOL has already 
embarked on a test case. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– More efficient use and planning of airport 
facilities 
Measure 
To enhance terminal support facilities. 
Action 
Replacement of all old generation induction 
motors with new generation motors. 
Start date 
2022 
Date of full implementation 
2030 
Economic cost 
7,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML/ATOL

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 27 of 41 
4.7 Re-Development of an Optimised Building Management System (BMS) 
System 
 
Title 
Re development of an optimised BMS 
system 
Description 
Migration of HVAC BMS from APOGEE to 
Design CC. To enable smart / accurate control 
of pumping systems and air systems. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors – 
More efficient use and planning of airport 
facilities 
Measure 
To enhance terminal support facilities. 
Action 
To deploy an optimised BMS system to enable 
accurate control of pumping systems and air 
systems. 
Start date 
2022 
Date of full implementation 
2025 
Economic cost 
10,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML/ATOL

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 28 of 41 
4.8 Installation of LED Lights instead of Classic Lights 
 
Title 
Installation of LED lights instead of classic lights 
by ATOL and AML 
Description 
ATOL and AML have planned to replace the 
classic lights by LED lights at the following areas: 
1. Apron Floodlights at Parking 11 to 15 by 
ATOL. 
2. Runway by AML.  
3. Round roof lights in the Passenger Terminal 
by ATOL. 
4. AML buildings. 
5. Apron floodlights by AML. 
6. Street lighting by AML. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors – 
Airfield Improvements 
Measure 
Installation of LED lights instead of classic lights  
Action 
To replace classical lights with LED lights 
Start date 
2023 
Date of full implementation 
2028 
Economic cost 
19,400,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL and AML – Technical Services 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML & ATOL

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 29 of 41 
4.9 Replacing Existing 132 kWh of Bollard Lights by Solar Lights 
 
Title 
To replace the existing 132 kWh of bollard lights 
by solar lights at the car park 
Description 
ATOL has planned to introduce solar lights at the 
car park instead of classic lights which require 
electrical energy. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors – 
Reduced energy demand and preferred cleaner 
energy sources 
Measure 
Use cleaner alternative sources of power 
generation 
Action 
To replace the existing 132 kWh of bollard lights 
by solar panel equipped lights to reduce 
electrical demand. 
Start date 
2022 
Date of full implementation 
2023 
Economic cost 
5,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML/ATOL 
 
 
 
4.10 Implementation of a Solar Farm at the Airport 
 
Title 
Implementation of a solar farm at the airport 
Description 
AML has planned to implement a solar farm at 
the airport with a power generation capacity of 
14 MW. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors – 
Reduced energy demand and preferred cleaner 
energy sources

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 30 of 41 
Measure 
Use cleaner alternative sources of power 
generation. 
Action 
To install a solar farm as a cleaner alternative 
source of power generation at the airport. 
Start date 
2023 
Date of full implementation 
2025 
Economic cost 
600,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
AML – Technical Services 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer - AML 
 
 
4.11 Replacement or Conversion of all Fresh Air Handling Units into Demand 
Control type units (DCV – Demand Controlled Ventilation) 
 
Title 
Replacement or conversion of all fresh Air 
handling units into demand control type units 
Description 
ATOL has planned to change the type of 
ventilation and air conditioning system to adapt 
to new regulation in terms of viral filtration 
systems (air filtration) standards and new 
energy efficiency measures. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors – 
Reduced energy demand and preferred cleaner 
energy sources 
Measure 
Use cleaner heater/cooler equipment and/or 
minimize heater/cooler utilization. 
Action 
To change the type of ventilation and air 
conditioning system to adapt to new regulation 
in terms of viral filtration systems (air filtration) 
standards and new energy efficiency measures 
to reduce the energy demand. 
Start date 
2023

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 31 of 41 
Date of full implementation 
2030 
Economic cost 
20,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML/ATOL 
 
 
4.12 Replacement of Existing Old Motors and Transformers by Newer Efficient 
Ones 
 
Title 
Replacement of existing old motors and 
transformers by newer efficient ones 
Description 
AML has planned to replace existing old motors 
and transformers by efficient type. Some newer 
motors and transformers are already energy 
efficient ones.   
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors – 
Reduced energy demand and preferred cleaner 
energy sources 
Measure 
Reduce electrical demand 
Action 
To replace old motors and transformers by 
efficient type to reduce the electrical demand at 
the airport. 
Start date 
2023 
Date of full implementation 
2030 
Economic cost 
10,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
AML – Technical Services 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer - AML

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 32 of 41 
4.13 Installation of Reflector Films on Glass Panels to Reduce Heating from 
Sun Rays 
 
 
Title 
Installation of reflector films on glass panels 
to reduce heating from sun rays. 
Description 
AML has planned to make use of reflector 
films on glass panes to reduce heating from 
sun rays. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– Reduced energy demand and preferred 
cleaner energy sources 
Measure 
Reduce electrical demand. 
Action 
To install reflector films on glass panels to 
reduce the heating emitted from sun rays. 
Start date 
2024 
Date of full implementation 
2026 
Economic cost 
500,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
AML – Technical Services 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer - AML 
 
 
4.14 Installation of Motion Sensors in Baggage Claim Area 
 
Title 
Installation of motion sensors in baggage 
claim area 
Description 
ATOL has planned to install motion sensors 
in the baggage claim area. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– Reduced energy demand and preferred 
cleaner energy sources 
Measure 
Reduce electrical demand.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 33 of 41 
Action 
To install motion sensors in the baggage 
claim area to reduce the electrical demand. 
Start date 
2022 
Date of full implementation 
2023 
Economic cost 
1,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML/ATOL 
 
 
4.15 Splitting of Roof Light Switching in Two Parts – Check-In and Boarding 
 
Title 
Splitting of the roof light switch in the 
Check-in and Boarding Area 
Description 
ATOL has planned to split the roof light 
switch into two parts, one for the check-in 
and another for boarding. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– Reduced energy demand and preferred 
cleaner energy sources 
Measure 
To reduce electrical demand. 
Action 
To split the roof light switch into two, that is, 
one for the check-in area and another one for 
the boarding area. 
Start date 
2023 
Date of full implementation 
2024 
Economic cost 
500,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
ATOL 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer – AML/ATOL

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 34 of 41 
4.16 Installation of PIR Sensors  
 
Title 
Installation of PIR Sensors 
Description 
AML has planned to install PIR sensors to 
switch off the lights when not required and to 
switch the air conditioners to fan mode when 
no presence is detected in the offices. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– Reduced energy demand and preferred 
cleaner energy sources 
Measure 
To reduce electrical demand. 
Action 
To install PIR sensors to switch off lights and 
air conditioners to fan mode to reduce the 
electrical demand. 
Start date 
2023 
Date of full implementation 
2025 
Economic cost 
300,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
AML – Technical Services 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer - AML 
 
 
4.17 Replacement of Diesel Powered Ground Vehicles to Electric Vehicles  
 
Title 
Replacement of diesel-powered ground 
vehicles to electric vehicles 
Description 
AML 
has 
planned 
to 
replace 
the 
conventional diesel-powered vehicles for the 
Technical Services and Airfield Operations 
vehicles to electric vehicles. 
Category 
Supplemental benefits for domestic sectors 
– Conversion of GSE to cleaner fuels 
Measure 
Electrical operated ground vehicles.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation              Page 35 of 41 
Action 
To replace diesel airport ground vehicles to 
electric vehicles to reduce the domestic CO2 
emissions. 
Start date 
2022 
Date of full implementation 
2030 
Economic cost 
30,000,000 
Currency  
MUR 
List of stakeholders involved 
AML – Technical Services & Operation 
Point of Contact 
Chief Executive Officer - AML

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
              
 
 
      Page 36 of 41 
5. Mauritius Mitigation Measures – Expected Action Plan Results 
 
 
Year 
International 
Fuel – 
Baseline 
Scenario 
(litres) 
‘000 
International 
CO2 emissions – 
Baseline 
Scenario (metric 
tonnes) 
Emissions 
Savings from 
Technology and 
Standards 
(metric tonnes) 
Emissions 
Savings from 
Operational 
Improvements 
(metric tonnes) 
Total 
Emissions 
Savings 
(metric 
tonnes) 
International 
Fuel after 
implementation 
of measures 
(litres) ‘000 
Remaining 
emissions after 
implementation 
of measures 
(metric tonnes) 
2014 (historic) 
269,670.53 
671,878.95 
 
 
 
 
 
2015 (historic) 
267,153.40 
665,820.63 
 
 
 
 
 
2016 (historic) 
281,632.82 
700,792.98 
 
 
 
 
 
2017 (historic) 
292,090.32 
727,604.45 
 
 
 
 
 
2018 (historic) 
292,850.92 
728,781.38 
 
 
 
 
 
2019 (historic) 
264,456.36 
658,236.88 
 
 
 
 
 
2020 (forecast) 
263,422.24 
665,931.42 
12,951.21 
4,582.89 
17,534.10 
256,486.28 
648,397.32 
2025 (forecast) 
279,182.96 
705,774.52 
82,170.07 
10,244.45 
92,414.52 
242,626.58 
613,360.00 
2030 (forecast) 
295,886.65 
748,001.46 
82,170.07 
13,074.81 
95,244.88 
258,210.67 
652,756.58 
2035 (forecast) 
313,589.74 
792,754.87 
82,170.07 
16,687.14 
98,857.21 
274,484.83 
693,897.66 
2040 (forecast) 
332,352.02 
840,185.90 
82,170.07 
21,297.49 
103,467.56 
291,423.39 
736,718.34 
2045 (forecast) 
352,236.85 
890,454.76 
82,170.07 
27,181.59 
109,351.66 
308,980.66 
781,103.10 
2050 (forecast) 
373,311.41 
943,731.23 
82,170.07 
34,691.36 
116,861.43 
327,084.57 
826,869.80 
 
Table 2. Expected impact of mitigation measures to reduce Mauritius international aviation CO2 emissions.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation 
              
 
 
      Page 37 of 41 
 
 
Figure 2. CO2 emissions forecast for the baseline and implemented measures scenarios. 
550,000.00
600,000.00
650,000.00
700,000.00
750,000.00
800,000.00
850,000.00
900,000.00
950,000.00
1,000,000.00
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
CO2 Emissions (metric tonnes)
Forecast Year
CO2 Emissions Forecast for the Baseline and Implemented Measures Scenarios
Baseline Scenario
Estimated benefits with Technology Standards and
Operational Improvements
Estimated benefits with Technology Standards
Improvement only
Estimated benefits with Operational Improvements Only
12.38%

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation                Page 38 of 41 
The data presented in Table 2 and Figure 2 above reflect the expected CO2 emissions 
savings from aircraft technology and operational improvements. As mentioned in 
Section 4, these estimated savings have been calculated using the ICAO rule of thumb 
formulae provided in the ICAO Doc 9988. 
 
Referring to Figure 2, the impact of improved aircraft technology standards indicates 
an overall 8.71% reduction of fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in 2050 compared 
to the baseline scenario. Operational improvement measures will lead to a reduction 
of CO2 emissions of around 3.67% by 2050. Figure 2 shows that the overall CO2 
emissions, including the effects of new aircraft technology standards and operational 
improvement measures, are projected to improve to lead to a 12.38% reduction in 
2050 compared to the baseline.  
 
 
6. Future Initiatives 
 
All the stakeholders including Air Mauritius airline, Airports of Mauritius Co Ltd and the 
Air Traffic Management at the DCA are continuously focusing on adopting improved 
technological measures, operational measures, developing state of the art 
infrastructures to reduce the overall emission load of aviation. 
 
Any future mitigating measures being sought by any stakeholders post COVID-19 and 
post publishing of this State Action Plan will be included in the next updated State 
Action Plan. 
 
 
 
7. Conclusion 
 
This State Action Plan provides an overview of the actions undertaken in Mauritius to 
address the aviation CO2 emissions and to contribute to the development of a 
resource-efficient air transport system. 
 
The mitigating measures presented in Section 4 of this Action Plan were completed in 
January 2023 and shall be considered as subject to update after that date.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation                Page 39 of 41 
8. Appendix 
 
List of mitigating measures as reported in the first issue of the State Action Plan dated 
28 May 2014: 
 
Measure 1 
Improved air traffic management and infrastructure use 
Title: 
More efficient use and planning of airport capacities 
Action: 
Construction of a parallel taxiway and additional Taxiways & 
commissioning of these TWYs. 
Description: 
When an aircraft lands, it had to roll to the end of the runway then 
backtrack to exit via Taxiway C. With the construction of a parallel 
taxiway and additional taxiways, there is no need, for landing 
aircraft, to proceed to the end of the runway and backtrack. This 
reduces considerably the runway occupancy time, thus 
decreasing: 
• holding time of aircraft in the air where applicable; and  
• holding time of departing traffic.  
 
 
Measure 2 
Improved air traffic management and infrastructure use. 
Title: 
Pre-departure planning. 
Action: 
Close coordination and monitoring with adjacent Authority (Gillot) 
related to departure slots to avoid/minimize delays, holdings and 
conflicts. 
 
Description: 
The route Mauritius/Reunion is the busiest sector within our 
airspace and we face peak periods daily. Reunion is about 222 km 
to the South West of Mauritius and the flying time is approximately 
thirty minutes. Reunion has two airports namely Gillot and 
Pierrefonds. The traffic in between Gillot and Mauritius very often 
conflicts with traffic from Europe, Asia and South Africa. Most of 
the time those conflicting traffic are long distant flights and thus are 
already in the air and their estimates are available. So prior start 
up, for traffic to and from Gillot, close coordination is carried out 
with the adjacent station to provide the best slots and even 
departure time to avoid conflicting with other traffic optimising the 
flow of traffic by reducing en-route delays, thus resulting in fuel 
saving. 
 
 
Measure 3 
Improved air traffic management and infrastructure use 
Title: 
Sensitisation of ATM personnel introducing best practices 
Action: 
ATC brief issued. 
Description: 
ATC staff is being sensitised to improve en-route operations by

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation                Page 40 of 41 
introducing collaborative decision-making. Unnecessary Climb or 
Descent restrictions results in high fuel burn when leveling off and 
restarting the climb or descent.  
 
ATCs are strictly requested not to impose unnecessary Climb or 
Descent restrictions. Again good traffic planning and looking 
ahead will be of help. ATCs are also requested to effect 
coordination in a timely manner to ensure that the Climb or 
Descent Profile is not unnecessarily impeded. 
 
 
Measure 4 
Improved air traffic management and infrastructure use 
Title: 
Awareness building among ATM staff 
Action: 
Issuing ATC brief and supplemented by workshop with PowerPoint 
presentation. 
Description: 
By issuing ATC brief and organising workshop to sensitise the ATC 
personnel with respect to the vision of ICAO regarding CO2 
Emission Reduction will improve the level of perception of ATM 
personnel. They may feel part and parcel of such a project to 
contribute for the benefits of the environment and mankind. 
 
 
Measure 5 
Aircraft related technology development  
Title: 
Aircraft related technology development 
Action: 
Upgrading avionics capabilities of fleet to meet RNP10 to fly direct 
routes. Regulations regarding PBN and GNSS are in the process 
of promulgation. 
 
Description: 
ATR72 has been equipped to fly RNAV and all pilots have been 
trained and certified. 
 
 
Measure 6 
Improved air traffic management 
Title: 
Reduce engine taxi 
Action: 
Introduction of Taxi In on one engine for the ATR aircraft. 
Description: 
Air Mauritius has decided that, all ATR 72 aircraft will taxi in on one 
engine after landing. This measure has already been implemented 
by Air Mauritius since last year. 
 
 
Measure 7 
Improved air traffic management 
Title: 
Rerouting of Operational flight plans (OFPs) 
Action: 
OFPs for long flights destination were revisited and more optional 
routes retained.

Mauritius Action Plan for CO2 Emission Reduction / Department of Civil Aviation                Page 41 of 41 
Description: 
OFPs for London, Paris and Johannesburg optimised. 
 
 
 
Measure 8 
Improved air traffic management 
Title: 
Operational flight plans OFPs fuel Consumption Review 
Action: 
Optimising fuel uploading to these destinations. 
Description: 
Optimising OFP. OFPs to Paris and Hong Kong have been re-
calculated with current ICAO rules with the collaboration of flight 
planning system provider (SITA).